That’s a deep question with no single answer. Different people and societies use different principles. Here are some of the main ones:
1. Consequences: The “right” thing is what leads to the best outcome for the most people (this is called Utilitarianism).
2. Duty: Certain actions are inherently right or wrong, regardless of their consequences. It’s about following moral rules or duties (this is associated with thinkers like Kant).
3. Virtue: It’s less about specific actions and more about character. A “right” action is what a truly virtuous person (honest, courageous, kind) would do.
4. Cultural Norms: Right and wrong are defined by the traditions and practices of one’s society or culture.
Most people use a mix of these in their everyday judgments.
Thanks Kelvin for sharing your comment