Both — because poverty has roots in economic structures, but mindset determines response. Some countries lack access to resources, infrastructure, and opportunities; that is structural poverty. But mindset poverty keeps people where they started even when opportunities finally arrive — fear, excuses, and waiting for rescue. The most successful global entrepreneurs were born poor but refused to remain so. The system influences your start; your mindset influences your finish.
I actually think it could be both. You can live in poverty and have a rich state of mind. Some people feel rich by the life they live and what they believe in such as serving God. I know people like and should live a nice life but too many people these days are putting value on materialistic things. There are different levels of rich and poor. It’s funny because some people are living in poverty and don’t even consider it that because they have food on the table and a roof over their head.