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No, no entire country on Earth has literally no sun or lives in perpetual, year-round darkness. Every country experiences sunlight at some point during the year because of Earth’s rotation and orbit. However, certain regions within a few countries—particularly those located far north above the Arctic Circle—experience extremely long periods of no direct sunlight during winter due to a natural phenomenon called the polar night (also known as the “polar night” or “continuous night”).

During polar night, the Sun remains below the horizon for more than 24 hours at a time, and in the farthest northern inhabited places, this can last for weeks to several months each winter. The opposite happens in summer: the midnight sun (or polar day), where the Sun doesn’t set for extended periods.

Why This Happens

Earth’s axis is tilted at about 23.5 degrees. As the planet orbits the Sun:

In northern winter (around December), the North Pole tilts away from the Sun → regions above ~66.5°N (Arctic Circle) get little to no direct sunlight.

The farther north you go, the longer the darkness lasts.

At the exact North Pole, it’s theoretically ~6 months of darkness (though no permanent population lives there).

This is purely a geometric/astronomical effect—no country “lacks” the Sun forever; it’s seasonal and reverses in summer.

Countries and Regions with the Longest Polar Nights

Here are the main examples (focusing on inhabited areas):

Norway (especially the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard):

Svalbard (e.g., Longyearbyen, the main settlement) has the longest polar night among populated places in Europe—about 3–4 months of continuous darkness (roughly late October/early November to mid-February). The true “core” polar night (no direct Sun at all) lasts around November 14 to January 29, with very dim twilight at midday. Mainland northern Norway (e.g., Tromsø) has shorter versions, around 1.5–2 months.

United States (Alaska):

Utqiaġvik (formerly Barrow), the northernmost town in the US, experiences about 64–66 days of polar night each winter (typically mid-November to late January). The Sun doesn’t rise above the horizon during this time.

Russia:

Northern regions like Murmansk (the largest city above the Arctic Circle) have polar night lasting several weeks (around December–January). Farther north in places like Norilsk or remote Arctic settlements, it extends longer.

Canada:

Northern territories (Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Yukon) have polar night in the far north, lasting weeks to a couple of months depending on exact latitude.

Other mentions: Parts of Greenland, Sweden, and Finland near or above the Arctic Circle also experience multi-week polar nights, though usually shorter than in Svalbard or Utqiaġvik.

Even during the darkest periods, it’s rarely pitch-black 24/7—there’s often civil twilight (a faint blue glow at midday), moonlight, starlight, auroras (Northern Lights), and artificial lighting. People adapt with bright indoor lights, vitamin D supplements, and community events to combat seasonal affective issues.

Bottom Line

No country is “without sun” permanently—everywhere gets sunlight for at least part of the year. But if you’re asking about places that go months without seeing the Sun rise, yes—remote Arctic regions in Norway (Svalbard) hold the record for inhabited areas with up to ~4 months of polar night, followed by places like northern Alaska (~2 months). It’s one of Earth’s most extreme seasonal light cycles, driven entirely by our planet’s tilt and orbit.